Chatbot guides students to learn and reflect
The datasets generated and/or analysed during the current study are not publicly available due privacy reasons but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. The American Council on Science and Health is a research and education organization operating under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. Users must use chatbots in a manner that respects the rights and dignity of others. They should not be used for malicious purposes, harassment, hate speech, or any activity that violates applicable laws or regulations. Hardly a day passes without a report of some new, startling application of Artificial Intelligence (AI), the quest to build machines that can reason, learn, and act intelligently.
You might have an international customer base, but that doesn’t mean your support team has to work through the night. Chatbots can handle basic conversations and solve your customers’ problems while your employees sleep. If you have a small support team, it might sound daunting to expand your presence to other channels.
Are We There Yet? – A Systematic Literature Review on Chatbots in Education
It demonstrated the power of natural language processing and machine learning algorithms in understanding complex questions and providing accurate answers. More recently, in 2016, Facebook opened its Messenger platform for chatbot development, allowing businesses to create AI-powered conversational agents to interact with users. This led to an explosion of chatbots on the platform, enabling tasks like customer support, news delivery, and e-commerce (Holotescu, 2016). Google Duplex, introduced in May 2018, was able to make phone calls and carry out conversations on behalf of users. It showcased the potential of chatbots to handle complex, real-time interactions in a human-like manner (Dinh & Thai, 2018; Kietzmann et al., 2018).
Education as an industry has always been heavy on the physical presence and proximity of learners and educators. Although a lot of innovative technology advancements were made, the industry wasn’t as quick to adopt until a few years back. Many prestigious institutions like Georgia Tech, benefits of chatbots in education Stanford, MIT, and the University of Oxford are actively diving into AI-related projects, not just as topics of research but as initiatives to help make learning more effective and easy. More recently, more sophisticated and capable chatbots amazed the world with their abilities.
Research questions
Firstly, given the novelty of chatbots in educational research, this study enriched the current body of knowledge and literature in EC design characteristics and impact on learning outcomes. Even though the findings are not practically satisfactory with positive outcomes regarding the affective-motivational learning outcomes, ECs as tutor support did facilitate teamwork and cognitive outcomes that support project-based learning in design education. In view of that, it is worth noting that the embodiment of ECs as a learning assistant does create openness in interaction and interpersonal relationships among peers, especially if the task were designed to facilitate these interactions. Concerning RQ2 (pedagogical roles), our results show that chatbots’ pedagogical roles can be summarized as Learning, Assisting, and Mentoring. The Learning role is the support in learning or teaching activities such as gaining knowledge. The Assisting role is the support in terms of simplifying learners’ everyday life, e.g. by providing opening times of the library.
